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Variables
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Total
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Normal (n = 13,272)
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Overweight (n = 2272)
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Obesity (n = 1463)
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P
|
|---|
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Anthropometric measures
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|
Gender, male (n (%))
|
8881 (52.22%)
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6368 (47.98%)
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1418 (62.41%)
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1095 (74.85%)
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< 0.001
|
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Age, year
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9.20 ± 1.74
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9.20 ± 1.75
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9.30 ± 1.74
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9.05 ± 1.71
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< 0.001
|
|
BMI, kg/m2
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17.37 ± 3.08
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16.18 ± 1.67
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20.22 ± 1.71
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23.73 ± 3.83
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< 0.001
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|
Height, cm
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134.42 ± 11.43
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133.54 ± 11.24
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137.41 ± 11.67
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137.73 ± 11.34
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< 0.001
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Weight, kg
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31.98 ± 9.49
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29.30 ± 7.10
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38.88 ± 9.39
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45.62 ± 11.37
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< 0.001
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Waist circumference, cm
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58.29 ± 8.44
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55.49 ± 5.77
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65.36 ± 7.32
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72.74 ± 9.28
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< 0.001
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Heart rate, n/min
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94.73 ± 12.56
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94.54 ± 12.53
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94.76 ± 12.59
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96.36 ± 12.76
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< 0.001
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SBP, mmHg
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102.97 ± 9.86
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101.51 ± 9.30
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106.86 ± 9.74
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110.15 ± 10.25
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< 0.001
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DBP, mmHg
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63.11 ± 7.62
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62.49 ± 7.42
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64.54 ± 7.74
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66.51 ± 8.03
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< 0.001
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MAP, mmHg
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89.68 ± 8.47
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88.50 ± 8.05
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92.76 ± 8.34
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95.6 ± 8.77
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< 0.001
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Socioeconomic
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Region
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Urban or suburb
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9405 (55.30%)
|
7100 (53.50%)
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1412 (62.15%)
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893 (61.04%)
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< 0.001
|
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Rural
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7602 (44.70%)
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6172 (46.50%)
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860 (37.85%)
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570 (38.96%)
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Father’s education, level, year
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~ 9
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8177(49.16%)
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6592(50.79%)
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973(43.65%)
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612(42.89%)
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<0.001
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~ 12
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6393(38.43%)
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4851(37.38%)
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937(42.04%)
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605(42.40%)
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~ 15
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1955(11.75%)
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1458(11.23%)
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300(13.46%)
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197(13.81%)
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> 15
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109(0.66%)
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77(0.59%)
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19(0.85%)
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13(0.91%)
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Father’s occupation
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Manager
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1334 (8.00%)
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1011 (7.77%)
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206 (9.20%)
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117 (8.17%)
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< 0.001
|
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Worker
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5315 (31.86%)
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4052 (31.14%)
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773 (34.54%)
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490 (34.22%)
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Technicist/Researcher
|
711 (4.26%)
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536 (4.12%)
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108 (4.83%)
|
67 (4.68%)
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|
Farmer
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5410 (32.43%)
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4354 (33.46%)
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646 (28.87%)
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410 (28.63%)
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Others
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3914 (23.46%)
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3061 (23.52%)
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505 (22.56%)
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348 (24.30%)
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Mother’s occupation
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Manager
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892 (5.35%)
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683 (5.25%)
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126 (5.63%)
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83(5.83%)
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< 0.001
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Worker
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4713 (28.25%)
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3615 (27.76%)
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700 (31.26%)
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398 (27.97%)
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Technicist/Researcher
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299 (1.79%)
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211 (1.62%)
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52 (2.32%)
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36 (2.53%)
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Farmer
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5119 (30.68%)
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3981 (30.57%)
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680 (30.37%)
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458 (32.19%)
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Others
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5660 (33.93%)
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4531 (34.80%)
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681 (30.42%)
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448 (31.48%)
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Income, RMB
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~ 500
|
843 (5.56%)
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719 (6.07%)
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71 (3.54%)
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53 (4.03%)
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< 0.001
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~ 1000
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1631 (10.76%)
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1328 (11.21%)
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186 (9.29%)
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117 (8.90%)
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~ 2000
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2906 (19.17%)
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2319 (19.58%)
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355 (17.72%)
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232 (17.66%)
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> 2000
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9782 (64.52%)
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7479 (63.14%)
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1391 (69.45%)
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912 (69.41%)
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Live with grandparents
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No
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12,905 (84.61%)
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10,073 (84.48%)
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1705 (84.91%)
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1127 (85.25%)
|
0.705
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Yes
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2348 (15.39%)
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1850 (15.52%)
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303 (15.09%)
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195 (14.75%)
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People live with child
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|
1
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730 (4.86%)
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574 (4.89%)
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88 (4.45%)
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68 (5.25%)
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0.018
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2~3
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8053 (53.60%)
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6216 (52.91%)
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1109 (56.04%)
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728 (56.17%)
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4
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6240 (41.54%)
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4958 (42.20%)
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782 (39.51%)
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500 (38.58%)
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Medical insurance
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No
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12,767 (84.10%)
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9956 (83.92%)
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1699 (84.91%)
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1112 (84.50%)
|
0.495
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Yes
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2413 (15.90%)
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1907 (16.08%)
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302 (15.09%)
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204 (15.50%)
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Dietary intakes, %
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Cereals and potatoes
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13.49 (7.60, 20.18)
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13.42 (7.57, 20.08)
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13.70 (7.90, 20.49)
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13.60 (7.64, 21.13)
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0.457
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Vegetables
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13.62 (8.47, 20.34)
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13.38 (8.34, 20.06)
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14.20 (8.82, 20.92)
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15.13 (9.44, 21.85)
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< 0.001
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Fruit
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11.25 (6.23, 17.4)
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11.34 (6.31, 17.50)
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11.18 (6.09, 17.27)
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10.55 (5.82, 16.97)
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0.070
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Red meat
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7.10 (4.08,10.72)
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6.94 (3.95, 10.55)
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7.62 (4.55, 11.29)
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7.78 (4.72, 11.43)
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< 0.001
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Poultry
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2.38 (1.23,4.74)
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2.39 (1.24, 4.75)
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2.32 (1.15,4.56)
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2.37 (1.24, 4.77)
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0.262
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Fish
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1.32 (0.49,2.86)
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1.34 (0.50, 2.88)
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1.26 (0.41, 2.88)
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1.22 (0.46, 2.60)
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0.013
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Eggs
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3.66 (1.71,6.31)
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3.63 (1.70, 6.27)
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3.88 (1.82, 6.70)
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3.54 (1.59, 6.11)
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0.012
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Milk
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18.29 (11.63, 26.41)
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18.56 (11.79, 26.66)
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17.69 (11.22, 25.43)
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17.14 (10.86, 25.04)
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< 0.001
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Bean food
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2.22 (1.03, 4.66)
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2.24 (1.05, 4.66)
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2.23 (1.00, 4.70)
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2.09 (0.97, 4.47)
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0.188
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Nuts
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0.95 (0.26, 2.37)
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0.97 (0.27, 2.42)
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0.87 (0.25, 2.28)
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0.84 (0.20, 2.05)
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0.001
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Mushrooms and algae food
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0.85 (0.23, 2.11)
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0.84 (0.23, 2.10)
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0.89 (0.24, 2.18)
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0.88 (0.23, 2.12)
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0.522
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Oils
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4.64 (2.58, 7.43)
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4.64 (2.56, 7.43)
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4.61 (2.61, 7.46)
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4.62 (2.74, 7.43)
|
0.655
|
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Pickle
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0.46 (0.06, 1.33)
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0.47 (0.07, 1.34)
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0.39 (0.03, 1.30)
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0.38 (0.03, 1.37)
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0.006
|
|
Nutritional supplements
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0.00 (0.00, 0.34)
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0.00 (0.00, 0.45)
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0.00 (0.00, 0.17)
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0.00 (0.00, 0.06)
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< 0.001
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Beverage
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1.00 (0.07, 3.51)
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1.01 (0.07, 3.52)
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0.92 (0.07, 3.21)
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1.07 (0.11, 3.83)
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0.082
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Perinatal measures
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Gestational hypertension
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|
No
|
14,557 (98.49%)
|
11,382 (98.55%)
|
1922 (98.16%)
|
1253 (98.51%)
|
0.435
|
|
Yes
|
223 (1.51%)
|
168 (1.45%)
|
36 (1.84%)
|
19 (1.49%)
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Birth weight, g
|
|
~ 3000
|
4138 (27.19%)
|
3405 (28.63%)
|
461 (22.98%)
|
272 (20.61%)
|
< 0.001
|
|
~ 3600
|
6619 (43.49%)
|
5111 (42.97%)
|
914 (45.56%)
|
594 (45.00%)
| |
|
> 3600
|
4464 (29.33%)
|
3379 (28.41%)
|
631 (31.46%)
|
454 (34.39%)
| |
|
Breast feeding, month
|
|
0~3
|
3751 (25.00%)
|
2890 (24.66%)
|
507 (25.64%)
|
354 (27.13%)
|
0.152
|
|
4~10
|
7408 (49.38%)
|
5789 (49.39%)
|
994 (50.28%)
|
625 (47.89%)
| |
|
> 10
|
3844 (25.62%)
|
3042 (25.95%)
|
476 (24.08%)
|
326 (24.98%)
| |
|
Father with obesity
|
|
No
|
12,662 (83.93%)
|
10,152 (86.06%)
|
1562 (78.97%)
|
948 (72.26%)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
2425 (16.07%)
|
1645 (13.94%)
|
416 (21.03%)
|
364 (27.74%)
| |
|
Mother with obesity
|
|
No
|
13,592 (90.13%)
|
10,801 (91.62%)
|
1709 (86.18%)
|
1082 (82.66%)
|
< 0.001
|
|
Yes
|
1489 (9.87%)
|
988 (8.38%)
|
274 (13.82%)
|
227 (17.34%)
| |
- BMI body mass index, DBP diastolic blood pressure, SBP systolic blood pressure, MAP mean arterial pressure
