Table 1 Summary of the studies used in the systematic review and meta-analysis
From: Anemia as a risk factor for tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
| Author/year | Study design | Country | Sample size | OR/HR (95% CI) | Source of population | Age of participant | Anemia severity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lienhardt et al./2005# [27] | Case-control | West Africa | 1,166 | 3.50* (2.57–4.79) | Community | Adult | Mild |
| Lienhardt et al./2005# [27] | Case-control | West Africa | 10.80* (6.80–17.20) | Community | Adult | Moderate and severe | |
| Taha et al./2011# [28] | Case-control | Ethiopia | 809 | 1.87 (1.576–2.17) | HIV + | Adult | Mild |
| Taha et al./2011# [28] | Case-control | Ethiopia | 4.35 (3.97–4.72) | HIV + | Adult | Moderate and severe | |
| Kerkhoff et al./2014## [11] | Cross-sectional | S.Africa | 485 | 2.05* (1.48–2.62) | HIV + | Adult | Mild |
| Kerkhoff et al./2014## [11] | Cross-sectional | S.Africa | 3.65* (3.16–4.12) | HIV + | Adult | Moderate | |
| Kerkhoff et al./2014## [11] | Cross-sectional | S.Africa | 6.91* (6.05–7.78) | HIV + | Adult | Severe | |
| Pefura et al./2013 [29] | Cross-sectional | Cameroon | 857 | 1.60 (1.03–2.50) | PTB + | Adult | Not defined |
| Iroezindu et al./2016 [24] | Cross-sectional | Nigeria | 339 | 4.50 (0.60–31.70) | HIV + | Adult | Not defined |
| Beshir et al./2019 [10] | Cohort | Ethiopia | 428 | 7.04 (1.03–48.15) | HIV + | Children | Not defined |
| Ayalaw et al./2015 [30] | Cohort | Ethiopia | 271 | 2.23 (1.19–4.15) | HIV + | Children | Not defined |
| Batista et al./2013[31] | Cohort | Brazil | 1,596 | 2.93 (1.86–4.62) | HIV + | Adult | Not defined |
| Chu et al./2019 [17] | Cohort | Taiwan | 109,501 | 1.99 (1.77–2.25) | Community | Adult | Not defined |
| Alemu et al./2016 [22] | Cohort | Ethiopia | 645 | 2.70 (1.60–4.50) | HIV + | Children | Not defined |
| McDermid et al./2013 [32] | Cohort | Gambia | 1,139 | 1.14 ** (1.02–1.27) | HIV + | Adult | Not defined |
| Li et al./2013 [33] | Cohort | Tanzania | 5,040 | 1.40** (1.00–1.90) | HIV + | Children | Not defined |
| Enju et al./2015## [21] | Cohort | Tanzania | 67,686 | 1.22 (1.13–1.33) | HIV + | Adult | Mild |
| Enju et al./2015## [21] | Cohort | Tanzania | 1.66 (1.55–1.79) | HIV + | Adult | Moderate | |
| Enju et al./2015## [21] | Cohort | Tanzania | 2.03 (1.86–2.22) | HIV + | Adult | Severe | |
| Kerkhoff et al./2015## [20] | Cohort | S.Africa | 1,521 | 0.96*(0.72–1.63) | HIV+ | Adult | Mild |
| Kerkhoff et al./2015## [20] | Cohort | S.Africa | 1.27*(0.99–1.62) | HIV+ | Adult | Moderate | |
| Kerkhoff et al./2015## [20] | Cohort | S.Africa | 1.22*(0.94–1.58) | HIV+ | Adult | Severe | |
| Phyo et al./2019## [23] | Cohort | Myanmar | 7,859 | 2.10 (1.70–2.80) | HIV+ | Adult | Mild |
| Phyo et al./2019## [23] | Cohort | Myanmar | 4.30 (3.40–5.40) | HIV+ | Adult | Moderate | |
| Phyo et al./2019## [23] | Cohort | Myanmar | 4.90 (3.30–7.20) | HIV+ | Adult | Severe | |
| Chang et al./2015## [34] | Cohort | Nigeria | 12,996 | 2.48* (2.02–3.03) | HIV+ | Adult | Mild and moderate |
| Chang et al./2015## [34] | Cohort | Nigeria | 4.36*(1.98–9.62) | HIV+ | Adult | Severe | |
| Choun et al./2013## [35] | Cohort | Cambodia | 2,956 | 2.10 (1.40–3.30) | HIV+ | Adult | Mild and moderate |
| Choun et al./2013## [35] | Cohort | Cambodia | 3.40 (2.10–5.50) | HIV+ | Adult | Severe |