Association between physical function and long-term care in community-dwelling older and oldest people: the SONIC study

Table 2 Cox proportional hazard regression analyses of receiving LTC (n = 1098)

Variables	Model 1^a		Model 2^b		Model 3^c
Variables	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI	HR	95% CI
Weak grip strength ref. normal	2.12***	1.45–3.09	1.34	0.90–2.01	1.23	0.82–1.85
Slow walking speed ref. normal	2.24***	1.44–3.49	1.74*	1.10–2.75	1.64*	1.03–2.60
MoCA-J score	–	–	–	–	0.93**	0.88–0.98
Age (ref. = 70 y/o)
80 y/o	–	–	5.11***	2.87–9.11	4.56***	2.55–8.16
90 y/o	–	–	11.35***	4.98–25.85	8.84***	3.81–20.52
Sex (ref. = male)	–	–	1.63*	1.07–2.49	1.63*	1.07–2.49
HT	–	–	1.01	0.61–1.68	0.99	0.60–1.64
DM	–	–	1.12	0.67–1.88	1.13	0.68–1.90
Stroke	–	–	1.41	0.64–3.08	1.44	0.66–3.15
Joint diseases	–	–	1.11	0.74–1.67	1.18	0.79–1.78
Living alone	–	–	1.34	0.86–2.10	1.42	0.91–2.23
BMI	–	–	1.01	0.94–1.08	1.00	0.93–1.08
Serum albumin	–	–	0.65	0.31–1.39	0.72	0.35–1.50

BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, DM diabetes mellitus, HR hazard ratio, HT hypertension, LTC long-term care, MoCA-J The Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, ref. reference, y/o years old
*P < .05
**P < .01
***P < .001
^aModel 1 was unadjusted for physical function (weak grip strength and slow walking speed)
^bModel 2 was adjusted for physical function by age, sex, HT, DM, stroke, joint diseases, living alone, BMI, and serum albumin
^cModel 3 was adjusted for physical function by MoCA-J score, age, sex, HT, DM, stroke, joint diseases, living alone, BMI, and serum albumin

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